MINELLI ELENA JACKSON CODE

STEC strains belonging to the O157, O26, O103, O111, and O145 serogroups are considered critical public health concerns.

MINELLI ELENA JACKSON CODE

The ExPEC-associated virulence genes code for aerobactin (encoded by iucC), salmochelin ( iroN), serum resistance protein ( iss), a putative secretion system I ( etsABC), omptin ( ompT), hemolysin ( hlyF), and bacteriocins ( cia and cva) ( 14, 15). coli ( 12, 13) and genes encoding virulence features associated with extraintestinal pathogenic E. Other STEC strains harbor colonization factors of enterotoxigenic E. coli ( 9), or possess the genetic machinery conferring the enteroaggregative pattern of adhesion to the enterocyte described in enteroaggregative E. Many HUS-associated STEC strains possess a chromosomal pathogenicity island, defined as the locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE), which is associated with the attaching and effacing lesions ( 8) described in enteropathogenic E. Although the production of Stx plays a central role in the pathogenesis of STEC-associated illness, the development of HC and HUS requires an efficient host colonization by the infecting STEC. Lysogenic bacteriophages harbor the genes for different types of Stx infected bacteria then produce the protein ( 7). Stx1 is classified into subtypes a, c, and d Stx2 is classified into subtypes a–k ( 3– 6). STEC strains produce Shiga toxins (Stx), a family composed of 2 main types of cytotoxins: Stx1 and Stx2 ( 2). The most serious complication of STEC infection is HUS, which can be fatal. Shiga toxin–producing Escherichia coli (STEC) is a group of enteric pathogens that cause foodborne disease ranging from uncomplicated diarrhea to hemorrhagic colitis (HC) or hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) ( 1). Our results showed that STEC strains harboring ExPEC-associated virulence genes can include multiple serotypes and that the pR444_A plasmid can be acquired and mobilized by STEC strains. The isolates belong to 2 major populations: 1 belongs to sequence type 301 and harbors diverse stx 2 subtypes, the intimin variant eae-ξ, and pO157-like and pR444_A plasmids 1 consists of strains belonging to various sequence types, some of which lack the pO157 plasmid, the locus of enterocyte effacement, and the antimicrobial resistance–encoding region. We identified and characterized 53 STEC strains with ExPEC-associated virulence genes isolated in Italy and the Netherlands during 2000–2019. pR444_A is found in some extraintestinal pathogenic E. STEC O80:H2 harbors the mosaic plasmid pR444_A, which combines several virulence genes, including hlyF and antimicrobial resistance genes. Shiga toxin–producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O80:H2 has emerged in Europe as a cause of hemolytic uremic syndrome associated with bacteremia.

The isolates belong to 2 major populations: 1 belongs to sequence type 301 and harbors diverse stx2 subtypes, the intimin variant eae-ξ, and pO157-like and pR444_A plasmids 1 consists of strains belonging to various sequence types, some of which lack the pO157 plasmid, the locus of enterocyte effacement, and the antimicrobial resistance-encoding region. We identified and characterized 53 STEC strains with ExPEC-associated virulence genes isolated in Italy and the Netherlands during 2000-2019. Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O80:H2 has emerged in Europe as a cause of hemolytic uremic syndrome associated with bacteremia.

Minelli elena jackson